Arthritis

Overview

Arthritis in the foot and ankle develops when the protective cartilage that cushions the joints wears down or is damaged. This can happen gradually over time due to natural aging or after a traumatic injury. As the cartilage deteriorates, patients often experience stiffness, reduced range of motion, pain, swelling, and changes in walking patterns such as shorter steps or slower pace.

Common Causes

• Age & Weight – Both increase stress on the joints over time.

• Injury – Sprains, fractures, or other trauma can damage cartilage and accelerate arthritis.

• Structural Abnormalities – Issues with foot and ankle alignment or biomechanics may contribute to joint wear.

Prevention Tips

While not all cases can be prevented, risk can be reduced by:

• Maintaining a healthy weight to lessen pressure on joints

• Protecting the feet and ankles from injuries during activities

• Wearing supportive footwear and addressing biomechanical issues early

Treatment Options

The right treatment depends on the severity and type of arthritis. Options include:

• Conservative Care – Oral or topical medications, physical therapy, stretching, activity modification, and bracing.

• Supportive Devices – Custom orthotics or ankle supports to improve alignment and reduce strain.

• Injections – Corticosteroid injections to relieve inflammation and pain.

• Surgical Intervention – In advanced cases, procedures may be required to repair, fuse, or replace damaged joints.