Heel Pain

Presentation

The most common cause of heel pain is plantar fasciitis, a condition where the plantar fascia — a thick ligament running along the bottom of the foot — becomes inflamed from overuse or strain. This often occurs due to biomechanical stress on the ligament and supporting muscles.

Patients typically report sharp, stabbing pain in the heel, sometimes extending into the midfoot. The pain is usually worst with the first steps in the morning or after sitting or resting for long periods.

Common Causes

• Equinus deformity (limited ankle flexibility)

• Obesity placing excess stress on the heel

• Flat feet or high arches altering foot mechanics

• Limb length discrepancies affecting balance and gait

Prevention Tips

• Wear supportive footwear that cushions and stabilizes the foot

• Perform daily stretching exercises for the plantar fascia and Achilles tendon

• Avoid walking barefoot on hard surfaces

Treatment Options

Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation, relieving pain, and improving foot support:

• Stretching & Physical Therapy – targeted exercises to improve flexibility

• RICE Protocol – rest, ice, compression, and elevation to control pain and swelling

• NSAIDs – anti-inflammatory medications when appropriate

• Footwear Modifications & Orthotics – custom or supportive shoe inserts for alignment

• Steroid Injections – for persistent or severe cases